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Laser cutters are a very powerful tool for making 2D cuts in a variety of materials. A laser cutter works by using a focused laser light to cut a path or engrave a 2-dimensional image in the material. Laser cutters can even be considered more versatile and powerful than 3D printers because of their material capabilities which include paper, wood, plastic, fabric, leather, and even more, and they can cut each of these with very precise detail. In vector mode, the laser creates a virtually flawless edge as it cuts the computer-generated lines. In raster mode, the laser can engrave any image with photo-realistic detail. File types used with laser cutting include SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), DXF, and PDF.
The downsides of purchasing a laser cutter are few, but begin with the steep initial cost of the machine itself plus all of the equipment necessary to keep it operating: a computer with network connection, chillers, compressors, ventilation, and power receptacles. The cost of prepping a site for the machine is typically as costly as the machine itself.* The other major issue is the laser's proneness to set the material or itself on fire, therefore it must be watched at all times during operation.Overall, laser cutters are a powerful and versatile machine that are a great tool for creative design. For a guide to current available models, see this review on All3DP but keep in mind that this is a fast changing field.*Note: For a less expensive 2D cutting alternative, consider a stylus-style machine like a vinyl or craft cutter.
A piece on the machine while being laser engraved
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